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Examination Of Behavioral Learning Theory - 919 Words

Examination of Behavioral Learning Theory Behavioral learning theory encompasses three specific schools of thought, Pavlovian, The Thorndyke School of Thought, and Skinnerism. Behaviorist claimed that only observable â€Å"overt action† (that is, behavior) was worth studying because it’s the only thing we can see, and therefore measure empirically (Peters, 2013). In each of the instructional design examples the behaviorism concept is prevalent. As an example, The Anatomy of A Wind Turbine, The Wealthiest Americans Ever, and The Interactive Body relied on the user to click a portion of the interactive graphic. After their selection, the user received a new piece of previously hidden information. This is an example of positive reinforcement. Something was added each time the user made a selection, there by causing the user to continue to interact with the infographic. In contrast, during the Interactive Body exercise, the user received a combination of positive reinforcement along with a type of positive pu nishment. A message appeared ( something added) if the wrong answer was selected. This would cause the user to make well thought out responses, there by achieving the goal of knowledge acquisition, resulting in the desired or conditioned behavior, selecting the correct answer more frequently.In addition, the TEDTalk lesson also utilizes the behaviorism concept as the user selects buttons to progress and gain more information, similar to the above mentioned infoShow MoreRelatedPsychology : Human Mind And Its Functions1749 Words   |  7 Pagesby definition from the Oxford dictionary is the ‘scientific study of the human mind and its functions’, or in simpler terms ‘the mental characteristics or attitude of an individual’. This subject focuses on the mentality and behavioral aspects of humans, assessing the behavioral patterns occurring within the mind, and questioning how it controls certain parts of our bodily system. In the broad topic of psychology, t he numerous aspects of it each have a distinct difference to one another. For exampleRead Morepsy 3601407 Words   |  6 Pages Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Introduction Cognitive Psychology/PSY360 Cognitive Psychology Definition Paper Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes surrounding learning, memory, perception, and thought. Though it is still a relatively new formal branch of psychology, its roots extend back to Descartes who sought a way to explain how the mind worked, proposing the analogy of a â€Å"hydraulic system of nerve function† (Willingham, 2007, p. 26) after he observed animated statuesRead MoreCyber Deviance Among Adolescents And Adolescents1714 Words   |  7 Pagesgranted. â€Å"Cyber Deviance† is an umbrella term that includes digital piracy, computer hacking, and sexting which is on the rise among adolescents (Udris, 2016). Examination of the theoretical structure toward explaining this type of behavior could possibly provide the public the genesis. Theoretical components emphasizing in social learning, self-control, and differential association have been used with a positivist approach – more specifically the positivist’s assumption of determinism à ¢â‚¬â€œ to try toRead MoreCognitive Psychology : Cognitive Behavioral Therapy1700 Words   |  7 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy Cognitive behavioral therapy is a school of psychotherapy that intends to assist individuals with conquering their emotional issues. A focal idea in CBT is that you feel the way you think. Therefore, CBT focuses on the fact that you can live all the more cheerfully and effectively in you begin thinking with a better mindset. CBT urges you to comprehend that you re thought process or beliefs lie between the occasion and your definitive sentiments and activities. TheRead MoreTheories Of Leadership And An Effective Leader1598 Words   |  7 PagesTheories of leadership provide practical advice on how to be an effective leader. Evaluate this statement with reference to at least two theories or models of leadership. In recognition on how to be an effective leader, past researches in leadership has discovered that leadership is a critical aspect to an organization and it will continue to evolve, in line with the development of human-to-human relationships (Daft Pirola-Merlo 2009, p. 4, Rast et al. 2012 p. 646). Yet, to be a leader, thereRead MoreLearning Style Essay871 Words   |  4 PagesLearning Style Following a review of the Vark Questionnaire and Analysis, it has been determined that preferred learning style is multimodal. The Multimodal learning preference refers to the utilization of multiple learning strategies which consists of Aural, Visual, Read-Write and kinesthetic learning preferences (ARK). Statistically, 60% of any population is believed to utilize multiple preferences for learning strategy. In utilizing the multimodal style of learning, one is able to use multipleRead MoreClassical and Neo Classical Theories1300 Words   |  6 PagesClassical and Neo-Classical Theories of Management Classical management theory There are three well-established theories of classical management: Taylor,s Theory of Scientific Management, Fayol’s Administrative Theory, Weber’s Theory of Bureaucracy. Although these schools, or theories, developed historical sequence, later ideas have not replaced earlier ones. Instead, each new school has tended to complement or coexist with previous ones. Theory recognizing the role that management plays in anRead MoreBehaviorism s Theory Of Psychology983 Words   |  4 PagesWatson was the person who brought forth the concept of behaviorism; Watson wanted to create an objective science of psychology. The whole inspiration for behaviorism comes from Watson’s interest of Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov, who studied animal learning. The behaviorism era begun when all the sciences: astronomy, physics, chemistry, biology separated from philosophy. During the creation of behaviorism, there were three types of behaviorism: methodological, psychological, and analytical. The purposeRead MoreComparison and Contrast of the Psychodynamic and Cognitive Behavior Theories1113 Words   |  5 PagesCognitive Behavior Theories In life, humanity is on a journey much like walking through a forest full of trees that requires consistent observation while navigating the path traveled. Remaining on course is a very important part of arriving at the destination of achievement and success. There is no way to have complete certainty of always arriving on time, as all the variables come into the picture of that journey which psychology also does in relation to the mind. The psychodynamic theory in comparisonRead MoreHealthpromotion.Docx1.656 Words   |  3 Pagesdelivered in a complicated environment. The nurse spends the majority of time with patients and their families, advocating in the acute care, long-term care setting, as well as the community. Nurses must be well educated on theories and models to assure that the appropriate theories and models are being utilized, for example, Newman’s Health Care System model relating to the Total Person Approach. â€Å"To ensure high quality care, our care as nurs es should be centered on our patients, meaning we should focus

William Isaac Thomas Free Essays

The Thomas Theorem William Isaac Thomas (13 August 1863 – 5 December 1947) was an American sociologist. I decided to write about the W. I Thomas after reading about the other theorist I decided that W. We will write a custom essay sample on William Isaac Thomas or any similar topic only for you Order Now I Thomas theory was much more intriguing and very controversial. W. I Thomas is well known for his quote: â€Å"If men define situations as real, they are real in their consequences. † In 1928, the sociologist W. I. Thomas formulated this statement which later became known as the Thomas Theorem. In other words, the interpretation of a situation causes the action. This interpretation is not objective. Actions are affected by subjective perceptions of situations. Whether there even is an objectively correct interpretation is not important for the purposes of helping guide individuals’ behavior (http://en. wikipedia. org, 2011). The Thomas Theorem in my interpretation means that whatever you think or believe in it will become true. I agree with this theory to a certain extent that this only applies to some things in life and not all. For example if I think that I am going to be a millionaire it will not just come true I would have to do something in order to make my thoughts come true. How we view the world creates real and tangible outcomes in how we feel and what we do. W. I. Thomas (1863–1947) (1966) stated that whatever we believe to be real will become real in its consequences. So if we believe one religious or political group is right, we will act in a way that supports that view, and we may disagree with those who view things differently. We may try to convince them that our view is right (Vessling,2010). Although many people do not agree with the Thomas theory there are many who do. Law enforcement agencies use it to train officers in the handling of the mentally ill, and it’s been used effectively to explain everything from beauty contest outcomes to panic runs on bank deposits(soulshelter. com, Tim, 2008). The Secret, written by Ronda Byrne and As a Man Thinketh, written by James Allen are both self help books and based on this theory. Some say the formulation of the Thomas Theorem is ambiguous. It could mean, â€Å"The consequences of a situation follow from how it is perceived, not the way it really is,† or â€Å"The power to define a situation includes power over its consequences. † It also could simply mean, â€Å"Beliefs have consequences, regardless of whether they are true. † Whether Thomas was referring to self-fulfilling prophecies, or expressing skepticism about the existence of an objective world; depends on how the statement is interpreted (www. ehow. com, 2011). Frank Van Dun criticized the theorem, he goes on to say: â€Å"The consequences of a situation being believed to be true are the same as if it is actually true,† it is false, because one can’t create or negate a reality by wishing for or denying it. If it means, â€Å"The consequences of a situation are real no matter how well it is defined,† it is trivial because that reduces to the aphorism, â€Å"Get real. † Besides the negative feedback from many, W I Thomas was also a pioneer of a psychological approach to social phenomena, and thus can be regarded, together with William Graham Sumner and Wilhelm Wundt, as a forerunner of cultural psychology. His The Polish Peasant was an important landmark in American sociological research. He used biographic data personal letters, autobiographies, diaries, and other personal documents developing the life-history method for which he became famous along with the ideas of George Herbert Mead, Thomas’ concept of the â€Å"definition of the situation† later proved to be an important starting point for the revolution of symbolic interactionism against structural functionalism(http://www. ewworldencyclopedia. org, 2011) In conclusion I am a Christian so I believe in God, I also believe that if I ask God to do something that it will be done. The bible reads in Matthew 7:7 Ask, and it shall be given you; seek, and ye shall find; knock, and it shall be opened unto you (King James Bible). W. I Thomas theory maybe a little farfetched to some but this is truth to many. Based on my research I can relate more to the Thomas Theorem. References Alden, WH. 2007) William Isaac Thomas Retriev ed from http://www. newworldencyclopedia. org/entry/W. _I. _Thomas Phillips, Colby. (2011). What is the Thomas Theorem of Sociology Retrieved from http://www. ehow. com/info_10068714_thomas-theorem-sociology. html Tim (2010) Understanding the life Through the Thomas Theorem Retrieved fromhttp://www. soulshelter. com/fortune/understanding-the-world-through-the-thomas-theorem-2/ Vissing, Yvonne (2011) An Introduction to Sociology How to cite William Isaac Thomas, Papers

Time Management for BIM and Construction Management -myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theTime Management for BIM and Construction Management. Answer: Now, from the research, it is been recommended that constructions industries or organizations need to focus on the planning as well specification of objectives of the project management practices to determine the time for each operation. It is the responsibility of project manager to analyse the situations and offer proper guidelines to the team members that will help to complete the tasks in the stipulated time frame. Periodization of tasks would be a better technique for managing the time in the project management practices as the tasks will allocate more time by considering the importance (Griffith.et al. 2014). This kind of approach will help to spend the right time on the right activities and support in the achievement of objectives. By maintaining the two way communication the time management can also be improved as checking of updates and organizing the process accordingly will help to meet the deadlines and complete the tasks. Findings In a project time management is an essential element that helps to manage and accomplish the project in the given time period. In the previous stages, different approaches to time management and planning of time have been evaluated for managing the project of construction. Stage 1 has identified the information about risks and issues that can be a reason of the failure of the project (Walker, 2015). The study has analysed that, construction project is more complex and time consuming that requires proper scheduling of the tasks as well risks that can influence the process of working. From the study, it has been carried out that allocation of time for each task is important to meet the objectives more professional manners. For managing the time, the project manager could use different tools and techniques that will involve the setting of deadline and milestone for completing the task in the stipulated time period. In the current scenario, the manager set the deadline for each task by considering the future operations and allocate the work to the team according to skill and capabilities. The deadline for the project helps the team members to divide the tasks by considering the operations that require more time to meet the objectives (Kelly.et al. 2014). The setting of a deadline in construction project allows the management to complete the each phase of operation without conflicts. Hence, it can be considered that time management is performed for project management that leads the project for successful completion. The study has carried out that, manager of the project may include the different tools and techniques for planning of time on the basis of type and size of the operations in particular construction. The process of time management in the construction project requires effective planning, the delegation of role and responsibilities, prioritization of tasks and spending the right time on right activity (Hardin and McCool, 2015). The study has undertaken case of construction industry of Malaysia which has been conducted by CIOB. The project management practices of the organization in this industry are facing a tough time due to inadequate time management approaches that leading to failure or delay in the project. According to the analysis of the case, the major reason behind the failure in the construction project management is unawareness about the tools and techniques of time management (Sears.et al. 2015). Moreover, lack of experience in the utilization of project management tool is having a significant impact on the planning and development as well implementation of a construction project to achieve the objectives in the specific period of time. As per the evaluation of the case, it is been found that Malaysian construction industry failure rate is 43.55% due to improper time management. From the case of Egyptian construction industry, it is been carried out that failure in the project is due to inefficiency in the management of time for specific tasks. The case study provided data which shows significant results such as 18.45 % failure in construction due to contract time schedule. 29.33 % and 26.67 % of the failures were due to the inefficient construction of flowchart and other hard skills which are to be employed in project management (Koo.et al. 2015). Moreover, the top management of the project was lacking in the setting the goals and objectives for a specific project which is affecting the overall process of completing the construction project within the time. The target and goals that have been sated by the management were unrealistic which are hard to manage by the team members. The lack of planning in construction is also increasing the rate of failure in the planning of the organization to complete the project in the given time period. The practices of kee ping records and evidence of managing the project deadline are not sufficient which also having the adverse impact on the management practices to complete the tasks in the given time period (Harris, and McCaffer, 2013). For a construction project, there are many technical equipment is being used for managing the practices as well scheduling of the operations and tasks. The effective utilization and training to staff members will be helpful to overcome the issues of time management. From the analysis of studies, it is been carried out that proper linked network and effective scheduling of operations will be helpful for organizations to manage the time and overcome the rate of failure by 8% (Cannon and Hillebrandt, 2016). As per the analysis of cases, it is been find out that implementation of advanced tools and software in the practices of construction will help to complete the project in the given time period as traditional time management approaches are having the lacking in monitoring of the tasks as well offering the proper details to employees to meet the deadline with requirements. In addition to this, the structure of organization and distribution of role and responsibilities are also having a direct impact on the time management. The frequency of distribution of practices is influencing the decision making of organization or employees to find the proper time for research and correction in the activities that can minimize the time of overall project practices. The adaptation of new tools and techniques according to requirements of the construction project will help to overcome the risk of delay in the projects (Cheng and Teizer, 2013). References Cannon, J. and Hillebrandt, P.M. eds., 2016.The Management of Construction Firms: Aspects of Theory. Springer. Cheng, T. and Teizer, J., 2013. Real-time resource location data collection and visualization technology for construction safety and activity monitoring applications.Automation in Construction,34, pp.3-15. Griffith, A., Stephenson, P. and Watson, P., 2014.Management systems for construction. Routledge. Hardin, B. and McCool, D., 2015.BIM and construction management: proven tools, methods, and workflows. John Wiley Sons. Harris, F. and McCaffer, R., 2013.Modern construction management. John Wiley Sons. Kelly, J., Male, S. and Graham, D., 2014.Value management of construction projects. John Wiley Sons. Koo, C., Hong, T. and Kim, S., 2015. An integrated multi-objective optimization model for solving the construction time-cost trade-off problem.Journal of Civil Engineering and Management,21(3), pp.323-333. Sears, S.K., Sears, G.A., Clough, R.H., Rounds, J.L. and Segner, R.O., 2015.Construction project management. John Wiley Sons. Walker, A., 2015.Project management in construction. John Wiley Sons.