An A to Z List of Countries That No Longer Exist

As countries merge, split, or change their names, the list of countries that no longer exist has grown. The list below is far from comprehensive, but it includes the most notable former countries. Abyssinia Also known as the Ethiopian Empire, Abyssinia was a kingdom in northeast Africa. In the early 20th century, it split into the states of Eritrea and Ethiopia. Austria-Hungary A monarchy established in 1867, Austria-Hungary (also known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire) included not just Austria and Hungary but also parts of the Czech Republic, Poland, Italy, Romania, and the Balkans. The empire collapsed at the end of World War I. Bengal Bengal was an independent kingdom in southern Asia that existed from 1338 to 1539. The area has since been divided into the states of Bangladesh and India. Burma Burma officially changed its name to Myanmar in 1989. However, many countries still have not recognized the change. Catalonia Catalonia was an autonomous region of Spain. It remained independent from 1932 to 1934 and from 1936 to 1939. Ceylon Ceylon was an island country located off the coast of India. In 1972, it changed its name to Sri Lanka. Corsica This Mediterranean island was ruled by various nations over the course of its history but had several brief periods of independence. Today, Corsica is a department of France. Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia was a country in eastern Europe. It peacefully split into the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 1993. East Pakistan This area was a province of Pakistan from 1947 to 1971. It is now the independent state of Bangladesh. Gran Colombia Gran Colombia was a South American country that included what is now Colombia, Panama, Venezuela, and Ecuador from 1819 to 1830. Gran Colombia ceased to exist when Venezuela and Ecuador seceded from the union. Hawaii Though a kingdom for hundreds of years, Hawaii wasnt recognized as an independent country until the 1840s. The country was annexed to the United States in 1898. New Granada This South American country was part of Gran Colombia from 1819 to 1830 and was an independent country from 1830 to 1858. In 1858, the country became known as the Grenadine Confederation, then the United States of New Granada in 1861, the United States of Colombia in 1863, and finally, the Republic of Colombia in 1886. Newfoundland From 1907 to 1949, Newfoundland existed as the self-governing Dominion of Newfoundland. In 1949, Newfoundland joined Canada as a province. North Yemen and South Yemen Yemen split in 1967 into two countries, North Yemen (a.k.a. the Yemen Arab Republic) and South Yemen (a.k.a. the Peoples Democratic Republic of Yemen). However, in 1990 the two rejoined to form a unified Yemen. Ottoman Empire Also known as the Turkish Empire, this empire began around 1300 and expanded to include parts of contemporary Russia, Turkey, Hungary, the Balkans, northern Africa, and the Middle East. The Ottoman Empire ceased to exist in 1923 when Turkey declared independence from what remained of the empire. Persia The Persian Empire extended from the Mediterranean Sea to India. Modern Persia was founded in the 16th century and later became known as Iran. Prussia Prussia became a Duchy in 1660 and a kingdom the following century. At its greatest extent, it included the northern two-thirds of modern Germany and western Poland. Prussia, by World War II a federal unit of Germany, was fully dissolved at the end of World War II. Scotland, Wales, and England Despite recent advances in autonomy, part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, both Scotland and Wales were independent nations that eventually merged with England to form the United Kingdom. Sikkim Sikkim was an independent monarchy from the 17th century until 1975. It is now part of northern India. South Vietnam South Vietnam existed from 1954 to 1976 as the anti-communist counterpart to North Vietnam. It is now part of unified Vietnam. Taiwan While Taiwan still exists, it is not always considered an independent country. However, it did represent China in the United Nations until 1971. Texas The Republic of Texas gained independence from Mexico in 1836. It existed as an independent country until it was annexed to the United States in 1845. Tibet A kingdom established in the 7th century, Tibet was invaded by China in 1950. Since then, it has been known as the Xizang Autonomous Region of China. Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) For decades, this country was the most powerful communist nation in the world. In 1991, it broke into 15 new countries: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Estonia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldovia, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan. United Arab Republic In 1958, non-neighbors Syria and Egypt joined together to form the United Arab Republic. In 1961, Syria abandoned the alliance, but Egypt kept the name United Arab Republic for itself for another decade.

Adaptation Of Dantes Inferno - 914 Words

Adaptations are form of art, like video games, that open up dimensions for makers to transcode them while giving them new meanings, in this way keeping them intriguing. In any case, when the same poem, or a component of a poem is utilized in a new way, it will spark debates on which one is superior. Mary Jo Bang gives an innovative, new interpretation of Dante’s Inferno, represented with illustrations by Henrik Drescher. Dante’s epic lyric and Mary Jo Bang’s translation of the Inferno are both extraordinary and novel vehicles through which to experience a journey. When translating this epic poem from the fourteenth century, Mary Jo Bang had substantial shoes to fill and received a lot of flack. All things considered, the poems’ quality†¦show more content†¦Translations are a form of creative expression, but it is important to inquire as to if it kept the integrity of the thing it is adapting. There are excellent, thought-provoking questions to be explored regarding Bang’s taboo and eccentric version of this story. It is an audacious risk that makes the poem live in a way that has never been rendered before. One noteworthy distinction appears right off the bat in Mary Jo Bang’s interpretation of Inferno. Dante-pilgrim talks about his relief after issuing from the dark wood. He says that he felt like a man who, nearly suffocated adrift, arrives, gasping, on the shore. Bang places him, rather, at the edge of a swimming pool. Be that as it may, these two things, the sea and the neighborhood pool, are not close to the same. Bang has made an adaptation of the Inferno that includes components from the modern world that we live in, adding elements from her own poetic style. However, many trust that she payed homage to the original well, while adding some spice to the medieval poem. This is an Inferno with velcro, machine guns, Mickey Mouse, heat-seeking missiles, swift boating, and so forth which makes for an exciting and never been done version. Bang was willing to take risks in order to make the poem more available to the time she was writing it in, and she was happy to court lack of clarity. She says that the she-wolf that prevents Dante from passing has a â€Å"bitch-kitty† face; a ghostly VirgilShow MoreRelatedInterpretation Of The Translation Of Dante s Divine Comedies1296 Words   |  6 Pagesassuming that the author used certain word choices to convey a specific meaning, which could lead to an incorrect interpretation of the work based on the translator’s bias. In reference to Dante’s Divine Comedies unless we can read the original Italian words, we are dependent on the translator’s interpretation of Dante’s words to guide us on the correct path of analyzing the literature. This leaves lots of room for error and miscommunication which could lead to the wrong understanding of the allegoricalRead More God and Man in Homer’s Iliad, Virgil’s Aeneid, and Dante’s Inferno1228 Words   |  5 PagesGod and Man in Homer’s Iliad, Virgil’s Aeneid, and Dante’s Inferno The truest of man’s goals is to create art. Art is a by-product of the gift of man over the animals, creativity. Truly, creativity is a replication of God in man and a very possible interpretation of the Genesis 1:27 phrase â€Å"in his own image,† along with others—the possession of an immortal soul or the ability to speak. And creativity’s ultimate end product is art. And art more often than not in the history of man has led manRead MoreDantes3100 Words   |  13 Pagesa crucial question in contemporary adaptations of The Tempest, and leaves open myriad possibilities for representing the mage Prospero, his unwilling servants Caliban and Ariel, and his daughter, raised only on her father’s stories, on that enchanted island in the lonely sea. August 20, 2015 2.2.13 Practice: Revision Strategies In Dante’s Inferno, justice is not a merely cruel and unusual punishment designed to elicit cheap shock from onlookers. Inferno portrays God’s justice as springingRead MoreAnalysis of The Hollow Men by T.S. Eliot Essay1367 Words   |  6 Pageseyes and kingdom. Those who have crossed / With direct eyes, to deaths other Kingdom (line 13-14) is an allusion to Dantes Paradiso (Bowler). Kingdom with a capitalized K may refer to Heaven (although all references to a kingdom do not), and those with direct eyes are allowed to go there and become blessed. Eyes in the poem refer to those of Charon in Dantes Inferno (Williamson, 157). With the line, Eyes I dare not meet in dreams (line 19) the speaker states that the eyes are a sourceRead More Historical References to Faust Essay1693 Words   |  7 Pagesbelievable) anecdotes and stories about him called Volksbuch, which was published in 1587. The Volksbuch was an important source of inspiration to Goethe and other authors as they wrote about Faust. Night  · The opening monologue is an indirect adaptation of Christopher Marlowe’s The Tragical history of Doctor Faustus.  · Faust has in his possession a book by Nostradamus (1503-66), the French astrologer, physician and prophet.  · When Faust first opens the book by Nostradamus he sees the signRead MoreIf This Is a Man by Primo Levi, Survival in Auschwitz Essay1118 Words   |  5 Pagesopposites turn vague. Continued existence in Auschwitz demanded abolition of one’s dignity and self-respect. Vulnerability to unending dehumanization certainly directs one to be dehumanized, thrusting one to take refuge on mental, social, and physical adaptation to be able to preserve one’s existence and character. This adjustment causes the line, separating right from wrong, to deform. Primo Levi, a survivor, gives account on his incarceration in the Monowitz- Buna concentration camp. Setting out withRead MoreMy Own Creative Process And Transformative Experiences During The Stages Of Work Essay2156 Words   |  9 Pagessubconscious; it was like an invitation which was not necessarily understood, but none the less felt like an opening to finally move forward with this idea. Later, I discovered that feeling could potentially be explained by the Piagetian model in which adaptation occurs only when the individual experiences a kind of disequilibrium. (Runco et.al, 2014) The next part of my definition includes cognitive processes, however; Runco makes an important note that â€Å"creative thinking may be very different from traditionalRead MorePrufrock Drowns in a Sea of Insecurity Essay1790 Words   |  8 Pagesthis poem is the internal soliloquy of someone who attempts to know what he wants and how to get it, but whose social paralysis and lack of self-assuredness prevents either of these possibilities. Eliot begins the poem with an epigraph from Dantes Inferno. If I thought that my reply would be to someone who would ever return to earth, this flame would remain without further movement; but as no one has ever returned alive from this gulf, if what I hear is true, I can answer you with no fear ofRead MoreThe Vampire Lestat and the Problem of Eternal Damnation Essay3601 Words   |  15 Pagesagenda. To a certain extent he is bored with immortality and is opening himself up to the other vampires that do not believe they should live out in the open. If he dies out on stage he will become a form of martyr to his fans, it is again the screen adaptation of Lestat in the motion picture The Queen of the Damned that says he does not care what the others think, he believes it is better to be dead than alone. He enjoys the adoration or the ride, but knows that there is an inevitable end. Lestat describesRead MoreEudora Welty a Worn Path12166 Words   |  49 PagesTable of Contents 1. A Worn Path: Introduction 2. Eudora Welty Biography 3. Summary 4. Characters 5. Themes 6. Style 7. Historical Context 8. Critical Overview 9. Essays and Criticism 10. Compare and Contrast 11. Topics for Further Study 12. Media Adaptations 13. What Do I Read Next? 14. Bibliography and Further Reading 15. Copyright Introduction Eudora Weltys A Worn Path, first published in Atlantic Monthly in February, 1941, is the tale of Phoenix Jacksons journey through the woods of Mississippi

How to Conduct Strategic Analysis Free Essays

One critical piece of the Strategic Planning process is Strategic Analysis. It is an integral part of a company’s evaluation program; it provides managers with a comprehensive assessment of the organization’s capabilities and market factors; revealing growth opportunities and vulnerabilities. With this information, managers can more effectively choose from strategic alternatives and create the greatest future reward potential. We will write a custom essay sample on How to Conduct Strategic Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now A)Company Mission – Vision The first step I would take as part of my Strategic Analysis process would be to look at the Company’s mission and its vision. Mission statements include the aim of the organization, the organization’s primary stakeholders, the product or service offered and a declaration of the organization’s core purpose. A vision statement is similar to the mission statement but it doesn’t include customers or clients in the statement. The vision statement is for members of the company and it paints a picture of what the company aims to be in the future. Both the mission statement and vision statement must be examined before beginning the strategic analysis as they provide the framework for this process. B)External Analysis The next step I would take for my strategic analysis process would be to examine the company’s external environment. The external environment includes all factors that affect the firm. Some of these forces may be outside of the firm’s control such as technological, governmental, economic, cultural, and demographic factors. Knowing these factors however, enables a firm to look at strategies that work within their respective environments. Other factors within the external environment include: competitive rivalries, threat of new entrants, supplier power, buyer power, and threat of substitute products. These external industry environmental factors would be analyzed using Porter’s Five Forces Model which is discussed below. -Porters 5 Rivals forces One of the earliest models used to examine industry economics and industry activeness is Michael Porter’s Five Forces Model. This model identifies five forces at play in an industry’s environment (external). The five forces are: competitive rivalry, threat of new entrants, supplier power, buyer power, and threat of substitute products. The weaker these forces are the greater opportunity for superior performance by firms within the industry; the stronger these forces are the more difficult it will be. C)Internal Analysis The next step I would take in my Strategic Analysis Process would be to examine the company’s internal environment. The internal environment consists of those factors that exist inside the company. Some of these factors include the company’s identity, the knowledge of their employees, their financial situation, etc. Again, similar to the external analysis, there are many different models that analyze a company’s internal environment. The one to be discussed in this report would be the Value Chain which is explained below. – Value Chain Every company’s business consists of a collection of activities undertaken in the course of designing, producing, and marketing, delivering, and supporting of its product or service. All of the various activities that a company performs internally combine to form a value chain. This is because of the underlying intent of a company’s activities, which is to do things that ultimately create value for buyers. A company’s value chain also includes an allowance for profit because, it is customarily part of the price (or total cost) borne by buyers. The value chain consists of two types of activities: the primary activities that are foremost in creating value for customers, and the support activities that facilitate and enhance the performance of the primary activities. To conduct a Value Chain analysis you first have to make sure all activities both primary and support are identified. After this is done, costs must be allocated to these activities using activity-based costing. Performing this analysis will provide a picture of which activities cost the most money and identify problem areas or areas that could be more cost efficient. D)SWOT Analysis The next step I would take for my Strategic Analysis Process would be to take the findings of my internal and external analysis and lay it out in a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats) Analysis. The SWOT analysis guides you to identify the positives and negatives inside and outside of the organization. A SWOT analysis will provide perspective, and reveal connections and areas for action. The SWOT analysis breaks down Internal Strengths and Weaknesses of the organization along with External Opportunities and Threats. Strengths and Weaknesses of the Organization (Internal): In this part of the analysis, factors which are internal or within the control of the organization should be identified. These factors may include: skills and resources, structure, shared values, finances, staff/directors, and style of leadership within the organization or systems such as communications channels. All of these things will ultimately play a role in the organization and its mission. Opportunities and Threats Facing the Organization (External): All organizations are affected by outside influences over which they may have little control, this part of the analysis these factors will be identified. These factors have varying degrees of impact which are both positive and negative, on the organization. Factors to be addressed here will relate to the mission. They may include activities of competing organizations, government policies, society/community influences or trends, markets, the economy, lifestyles, the environment, demographic trends, technological advances or alternatives. E)Long-term objectives/Key Issue or Decision Point When information regarding the company and its internal and external environments has been laid out, long term objectives must be established. The key issue or decision point must be addressed. With the information gathered, realistic and measurable long term objectives may be set. One way of addressing or scoring these long term objectives would be to use a balanced score card. If the company’s long term objectives have already been set, then perhaps there is a key issue addressed or a decision that must be made. In this section of the strategic analysis process this issue or decision will be identified and analyzed in detail. F)Alternatives In this section of my strategic analysis process, alternative strategies to meet the long term objectives or to solve the issue or decision will be xplored. At first, all possible options will be laid out, including the status quo. The options will be narrowed down using pros and cons, as well as forecasting the outcomes of the various strategies. G)Choosing the Strategy/Recommendations This is the final piece of the strategic analysis process. This involves choosing the best possible strategy of all the alternatives listed abov e. After the best strategy is chosen, recommendations may be given as well as an implementation plan developed. How to cite How to Conduct Strategic Analysis, Essay examples